Sartre: Hell is other people (Explanation)
No Exit and the question of other people This quote by Jean-Paul Sartre is one of his most famous. It exemplifies his stance as an existentialist philosopher, and…
Baudrillard: The Consumer Society
The consumer society by Baudrillard : A sociological approach to capitalism Consumer society, by Jean Baudrillard, is a major contribution to contemporary sociology and…
Plato and Aristotle Similarities and Differences
Plato vs Aristotle: Compared Philosophies Undeniably, Plato and Aristotle are the two rock stars of Greek Philosophy. Plato created idealism and Aristotle, later recuperated by Thomas Aquinas, became the official doctrine…
Why should not the philosophers rule
Let us then begin by dismissing all the facts, because they do not touch the question.Without going as far as Rousseau in this famous…
Descartes: I think therefore I am
In daily life, nothing is really sure for the subject. Even obvious truths are doubtful: should I live here or there, should I forgive…
Hobbes vs Locke: State of Nature
The state of nature is a concept used in political philosophy by most Enlightenment philosophers, such as Thomas Hobbes and John Locke. The state of nature is a representation of human existence prior to…
How to Learn Philosophy?
Plato was already wondering if virtue could be learned and answered “no” (in the Meno), in the same way, we do not “learn” philosophy,…
Leviathan (Hobbes): Analysis & Summary
Leviathan, subtitled Treaty of matter, form and power of an ecclesiastical and civil republic, is a work by the English philosopher Thomas Hobbes whose…
Best Philosophical Novels
Literature and philosophy These two areas of thought go hand in hand and can form a continuum: certain authors publishing essays (Balzac, Wilde), as…
Voltaire: Candide (Summary & Analysis)
Candide – Analysis Candide is Voltaire’s Masterpiece, the most read and commented work of the Age of Enlightenment around the world. How Candide is…
Memory: Philosophical Meaning & Definitions
Memory, in philosophy, designates the persistence of the past. The past can persist in the form of simple habits; but memory more properly refers…
Kant & Unsocial Sociability
In Idea for a Universal History with a Cosmopolitan Purpose, Kant gives an explanation of his theory of the unsocial sociability of men. In this, Kant affirms that man…
Dreadful, anguish, anxiety: Existentialist concepts defined
An existentialist concept Anxiety is a flagship concept of existentialist philosophy: vertigo of freedom in Kierkegaard refusal of responsibility in Sartre existential anxiety of…
What is a Lapsus? Freud’s Definition
Freudian definition of Lapsus Lapsus is a verbal or written or memory error that appears as an unconscious manifestation. Freud coined this term and…
Leibniz, Monads & the theory of Pre-established Harmony
In his Monadology, the philosopher Leibniz proposes a theory of pre-established harmony (sometimes called the concomitance hypothesis) in order to understand how things are…
What is really Veganism? A philosophical approach
Veganism & Philosophy Over the last few years, veganism has established itself not only as a diet, but above all (and this is the…
Egon Schiele’s Works Analysis: The Impude Body
Cut, sharp, angular, these are the contours of the bodies in Egon Schiele’s work. The curves, when they are apparent, are soft, even flabby…
Merleau-Ponty’s Phenomenology: A summary
Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenology: Body, Dialectics and Perception Maurice Merleau-Ponty is one of the greatest figures in phenomenology, with Husserl, Sartre and Heidegger. He mainly wrote:…
Gasset: The Revolt of the Masses (Analysis)
Gasset and Barbarians The Revolt of the Masses, by Gasset, is a paradoxical essay in an era of “runs and falls” and “calm in…
Coronavirus: Crisis or War? A philosophical perspective on Trump’s approach
Trump stated that Covid-19 will be our big war. It’s a medical war. We have to win this war. It’s very important. Introduction Misname things…
The World as Will and Representation (Schopenhauer): Summary
Summary and Analysis of Schopenhauer’s Work: The World as Will and as Representation The World as Will and Representation, published in 1819, by Arthur…
Henry David Thoreau Philosophy Summary
If you want to know more about Thoreau’s thinking, maybe it’s simply a matter of treading his footsteps, in the nature closest to his…
The Other in Philosophy (Quotes, Concepts, Authors)
Others in philosophy Others, in philosophy, is a recent concept. Until Hegel, the question of otherness had no right of city, solipsism (only the…
Freedom in Philosophy: Quotes, Concepts, Authors
Freedom is a key concept in philosophy. It is defined, negatively, as the absence of constraint; positively like the state of the one who…